Boundary Conditions

 
Some of the formulae are only strictly correct under certain boundary conditions
Transverse length mode (N31, k 31, d 31, s11 etc.):

 
Radial (planar) mode (Np, kp, s12 etc.):

 
Thickness extension mode (Nt, kt, c33 etc.):

 
Longitudinal length mode (N33, k33, d33, s33 etc.):

 
Thickness shear mode (N15, k15, d15, s55 etc.):

 

 
 Ferroperm Piezoceramics A/S
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